Skip to main content

Cyclic Prefix (CP)

By Vikas Bagwe
Cyclic Prefix (CP)


Cyclic prefix (CP) mitigates multipath fading and inter-symbol interference (ISI) at the price of increasing bandwidth.


Delay spread exceeds symbol time. ISI is the result.


Separate the symbols in time by adding a gap.


Transmission must be continuous. To “fill” the gap, append data from the end of the symbol
to the beginning of the symbol.


CP allows the system to ignore the initial part of each symbol thus avoiding the area that would be
most likely impacted by multipath delay. Data in the CP region of the signal is discarded. CP is set
to 4-6 times the delay spread. WiMAX Forum profiles use a CP of 1/8, meaning that a section of
data equal to 1/8 of the original symbol is used.
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

INSTALL CISCO VPN CLIENT ON WINDOWS 10 (32 & 64 BIT). FIX REASON 442

By
This article shows how correctly install Cisco VPN Client (32 & 64 bit) on Windows 10 (32 & 64 bit) using simple steps, overcome the ‘ This app can’t run on this PC ’ installation error , plus fix the Reason 442: Failed to enable Virtual Adapter error message . The article applies to New Windows 10 installations or Upgrades from earlier Windows versions and all versions before or after Windows 10 build 1511 .  To simplify the article, we’ve broken it into the following two sections: How to Install Cisco VPN client on Windows 10 (clean installation or upgrade from previous Windows), including Windows 10 build prior or after build 1511 . How to Fix Reason 442: Failed to enable Virtual Adapter on Windows 10 Figure 1. The Cisco VPN Client Reason 442: Failed to enable Virtual Adapter error on Windows 10 HOW TO INSTALL CISCO VPN CLIENT ON WINDOWS 10 (NEW INSTALLATIONS OR O/S UPGRADES) The instructions below are for new or clean Windows 10 inst...
45 comments
Read more

Linux File and Directory Permissions

By
file & directory protection is a essential of any OS and Linux OS is no exception for it! These authorizations allow you to choose exactly who can access your files & directory, providing an overall improved system security. There was one of the major flaws in the older Windows operating-system where, by standard, all users can see each other people's information (Windows 95, 98, Me). For overcoming it, editions of the Windows based computer system such as NT, 2000, XP and 2003 lot more security features added. They fully support file & directory permissions, just as Linux system has since the beginning. Together, we'll now assess a directory listing from our Lab Linux system hosting server, to help us understand the information provided. a simple 'ls' command will give you the file and directory listing within a given directory, including the option  '-l' will display number of new areas that we are going to discuss here:
Post a Comment
Read more

How to create a Hirens Boot CD 15.2 USB Disk

By
Hiren’s BootCD (HBCD) is a bootable CD that contains a set of tools that can help users to fix their computer if their system fails to boot. More specifically, HBCD contains hardware diagnostic programs, partition tools, data recovery utilities, antivirus tools and many other tools to fix your computer problems.  I write this article because I use Hiren’s BootCD frequently to troubleshoot computer problems, specially when a computer doesn’t boot anymore due to a virus attack or due to a corrupted file system. In this article you will find instructions on how to put Hiren’s BootCD on a USB flash drive (stick) in order to troubleshoot computer problems in the future.
4 comments
Read more