System-Administrator-interview-questions-and-answers-part1

Q1. What is an operating system?
A. Operating system works as an interpreter between computer Hardware and application. Operation system works as a user interface.

Q2. Types of Operating systems?
A. There are two types of operating systems
1. SOS: Simple Operating System as for example- Windows 95,98, ME
2. NOS: Network Operating System as for example- Windows NT, 2000, 2003.

Q3. What is server?
A. Server are computer that provides the services. As for Example:-
1. DNS Server
2. WINS Server
3. DHCP Server
4. RAS Server
5. VPN Server

Q4. What is RAS Server?
A. RAS stands for Remote Access Server. It is basically use for mobile user in the network. This server provides the access connectivity for mobile user. In this way all of the mobile users are connected to server through telephone line. This server also provides the connectivity between two more offices in the network.

Q5. What is VPN Server?
A. VPN Stands for Virtual Private Network. It is basically use for mobile user in the network. This server provides the remote access connectivity for mobile user. In this way all of the mobile users are connected to server through internet. This server also provides the connectivity between two or more office in the network. VPN is cost effective (No Costly).

Q6. What is IAS Server?
A. IAS stands for Internet Authentication Services. IAS server is also known as RADIUS Server. IAS Server provides the centralized management of multiple RAS & VPN Server in the Network. On this Server Remote Access Policy and Remote Access logging options are available.

Q7. FAT/NTFS?
A. there is major difference are available between FAT and NTFS file systems Such as:
FAT:
· FAT Stands for File Allocation Table
· There are three categories in FAT file system.
    FAT
    FAT-16
    FAT-32
· In FAT Not up to folder level security is available
· Compression option is not available
· Encryption Option is not available
· Disk Quota Option is not available
· FAT supported by all of the Microsoft Based Operating Systems.

NTFS:
· NTFS stands for New Technology File Systems
· There are three categories in NTFS file systems
    NTFS 4.0- NT Operating Systems
    NTFS 5.0- 2000 Operating Systems
    NTFS 6.0- 2003 Operating Systems
· In NTFS up to File level security is available
· Compression option is available
· Encryption option is available
· Disk Quota Option is available
· NTFS supported by only limited Microsoft Based Operating System

Q8. What is the difference between Windows NT/2000/2003?
A. There is many differences are available between Windows NT, 2000 and 2003 O/S, such as 

NT:
· There is no active directory
· There is no tree/forest hierarchical structure is available
· There is no site relationship
· There is no parent domain and child domain concepts are available in the network/
· NT support NTFS 4.0 file system
· NT support NTLM version 2 LAN Authentication Protocol
· In NT by default no trust relationship are configured
· In NT we will use System Policy
· In NT specific Client site Operation system is available i.e. NT Workstation 4.0 Edition
· In NT we will use Exchange 5.5 Server
· In NT we can create only one way trust relationship inside the network

2000:
· There is Active Directory
· Tree/Forest Hierarchical Structure are available
· There is Site Relationship is available
· There is parent domain and child domain concept are available
· 2000 Support NTFS 5.0 file system
· 2000 Support Kerberos version 5.0 authentication protocol
· In 2000 by default Two-way Trust Relationship are configured
· In 2000 we will use Group Policy
· 2000 support maximum 32 Processor and 64 GB Ram
· In 2000 Specific client site operating system is available i.e. 2000 Professional
· In 2000 we will use Exchange 2000 server
· In 2000 no stub zone is available in DNS
· In 2000 Resultant Setup Policy is not available
· In 2000 GPMC is not available
· In 2000 Conditional forwarding option is not available
· In 2000 Effective Permission option is not available
· In 2000 only some Administrative Command Line Tools are available
· Active Directory saved query option is not available
· Shadow copy Option is not available in windows 2000 Operating System
· ASR Option is not available in Windows 2000 operating System
· In Windows 2000 we can create Maximum 1 DFS Root on a single DFS Server in the network.
· In 2000 we can create two way trust relationship inside the network

2003:
· There is Active Directory
· Tree/Forest Hierarchical Structure are available
· There is site relationship is available
· There is parent domain and child domain concept are available
· 2003 support NTFS 6.0 File system
· 2003 support Kerberos 5.0 Authentication Protocol
· In 2003 we will use group policy
· 2003 support maximum 64 Processor and 64 GB RAM
· In 2003 no specific client site Operating System is available you can use either windows 2000 Professional either Windows XP Professional in the network

· In 2003 we will use Exchange 2003 Server
· In 2003 Stub Zone is available in DNS
· In 2003 GPMC is available
· In 2003 Resultant Setup Policy is available
· In 2003 Conditional Forwarding option is available
· In 2003 Effective Permission option is available
· Active Directory Saved Query option is available
· Shadow Copy option is available in Windows 2003 Operating System
· ASR Option is available in Windows 2003 Operating System
· In Windows 2003, we can create more than 1 DFS Root on A single DFS Server in the Network
· In 2003 we can create two way Trust Relationship inside the network

Q9. What is Active Directory?
A. Active Directory is the main concept of Windows 2000/2003 Network. it stores all of the information about the whole network such as users, printers, computers etc.

Q10. What is tree?
A. A group of domain is called tree and sharing a contiguous Name Space.

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Thanks Suryavanshi Thakur for your contribution.